Guide to G-Code and M-Code in CNC Programming

The G-code and M-code in CNC programs are for item designing and machine motion, to guarantee exact shapes and sizes are made. If you want to find out CNC programs, you require to recognize the significance of each G-code and M-code for CNC turning and milling. Right here is the introduction to the definition, distinction and also checklist of G-code and also M-code, in addition to exactly how they work and also write.

Table of Contents

What is G-Code as well as M-Code in CNC Programs?

G-code, which is a sort of function used for CNC machining, refers to a list of primary codes that begin with the letter “G” in CNC programming language, to position a device and also give commands. G-codes need to work with various other codes, like M-code, for completing the wanted tasks.

M-code, the codes start with the letter “M”, is a set of auxiliary command made use of for Miscellaneous feature, incorporate with G-code to activate or shut off various machine functions, such as coolant on/off, spindle rate on/off, device adjustment, open workstation door, and more.

The Differences Between G-code and also M-code of CNC Machine

G (geometric) codes are the guideline that pertaining to the movement or positioning of the tool about work surface, normally used in CNC turning for creating cylinder surfaces or CNC milling to fabricate account of rectangle-shaped plates. M (miscellaneous) codes are command for device functions like rate, coolant, and so on.
G-code is based on CNC component or product layout, M-code is generally related to switching the device off/on.
G-code triggers the numerically regulated device, M-code turns on the PLC of the machine.

How to Compose the G-Code and Even More Intros

Different codes might write in different formats. Below we take G00 and G01 as instances to present exactly how to compose it as well as what to keep in mind.

G00-Rapid positioning

Format: G00 X( U) Z( W)
Explain:

This command allows the tool to move quickly to the defined position according to the point position control mode. The workpiece can not be processed during moving.
All the programmed axes relocate at the speed defined by the parameter at the same time. When one axis finishes the configured worth, it stops, while the various other axes continue to move.
Coordinates that do not move do not require to be programmed.
G00 can be written as G0. Example: G00 X75 Z200.

G01-Linear interpolation

Format: G01 X( U) Z( W) __ F( mm/min)
Explain:

This command causes the tool to move to the defined position in the line interpolation setting. The movement rate is regulated by F( Feed rate). All coordinates can be operated in linkage.
G01 can also be written as G1. Instance: G01 X40 Z20 F150.

Listing of G-Codes & M-Codes for CNC Turning & CNC Milling

Part of m-codes and g-codes is the same significance in CNC turning as well as milling, however other units are differing.

List of exact same G-codes for CNC turning as well as milling

G00: Rapid positioning

G01: Linear interpolation

G02: Circular/Helical Interpolation (clockwise)

G03: Circular/Helical Interpolation (counterclockwise)

G17: X-Y plane selection

G18: X-Z plane selection

G19: Y-Z plane selection

G20: Programming in inches

G21: Programming in mm

List of most usual M-codes and definitions

M0: Program stop (press Cycle Start to continue)

M1: Optional stop (only executed if the switch on the CNC control is ON)

M2: End of program

M3: Spindle on clockwise

M4: Spindle on counterclockwise

M5: Spindle stop

M6: Change tool

M8: Coolant on

M9: Coolant off

M30: End program and press Cycle Start to run it again

You can inspect the full list of G-codes for turning and milling & listing of M-codes for turning and milling with detailed information discovered in FANUC on Wikipedia via the following means:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G-code